Heading 8485

Machines for additive manufacturing

6 declarable lines

Heading 8485 covers machines for additive manufacturing, usually called 3D printers, and parts for those machines. It splits first by the material being deposited: metal, plastics or rubber, plaster, cement, ceramics or glass, or other. Parts split by whether they are for plastics or rubber deposit machines or for other machines.

Products in this heading

Metal powder bed fusion 3D printer
Plastic filament 3D printer
Rubber 3D printer
Ceramic 3D printer
Concrete 3D printer
Glass 3D printer
Extruder assembly for a plastic 3D printer
Nozzle assembly for a metal 3D printer

How to choose the right subheading

Identify the material deposited by the machine: metal, plastics or rubber, plaster/cement/ceramics/glass, or other.
Check whether the item is a complete machine or a part. Complete additive manufacturing machines use 8485.10 through 8485.80.
For parts, decide whether they are for plastics or rubber deposit machines. Those use 8485.90.10.00; all other parts use 8485.90.90.00.
Do not choose the code by the product the machine makes or by the trade name. The deposit material and machine-versus-part facts control the line.
If the equipment removes material or shapes material in a mold, it does not belong in heading 8485.

Often confused with

CNC milling machine
It removes metal by cutting, so it is a machine tool, not additive manufacturing.
Heading 8459
Laser cutting machine
It cuts material by laser removal, not by depositing material.
Heading 8456
Plastic injection molding machine
It forms plastic in a mold, not by additive deposit.
Heading 8477
3D printer filament
Plastic monofilament is the material fed to a printer, not a machine of heading 8485.
Heading 3916
3D printed plastic article
A printed article is classified by the article itself, not as machinery of heading 8485.

Frequently asked questions

What is the HTS code for a plastic 3D printer?

A machine that forms parts by plastics or rubber deposit is classified under 8485.20.00.00, with a general (MFN) rate of 3.1%.

What is the duty on a metal 3D printer?

Metal deposit additive manufacturing machines fall under 8485.10.01.00 and carry a general (MFN) rate of 2.5%.

How do I classify parts for a plastic 3D printer?

Parts for machines that work by plastics or rubber deposit are classified under 8485.90.10.00 at a general (MFN) rate of 3.1%. Other parts of heading 8485 machines use 8485.90.90.00, which has a general (MFN) rate of Free.

Guide written from the official schedule text. Rates quoted are general (MFN) rates; check the line page for trade agreement rates and the classification of your exact product.