Heading 8445

Machines for preparing textile fibers; spinning, doubling or twisting machines and other machinery for producing textile yarns; textile reeling or winding (including weft winding) machines and machines for preparing textile yarns for use on the machines of heading 8446 or 8447

10 declarable lines

Heading 8445 covers machines that turn raw textile fiber into yarn: fiber preparation machines such as carding, combing, drawing and roving frames, machines that spin, double or twist yarn, and machines that wind or reel yarn. The heading is split by function, starting with fiber preparation subheadings 8445.11 through 8445.19, then spinning at 8445.20, doubling or twisting at 8445.30, winding or reeling at 8445.40, and a residual other line at 8445.90. Most yarn production machinery enters free of duty, while cotton gins, winding machines and the residual lines carry a low rate.

Products in this heading

Carding machines for opening and aligning textile fibers
Combing machines for textile fibers
Drawing frames and roving frames
Cotton gins
Ring spinning frames and other textile spinning machines
Textile twisting machines
Yarn winding machines, including weft winding machines
Textile reeling machines

How to choose the right subheading

Identify the machine function first: fiber preparation, spinning, doubling or twisting, or winding and reeling
For fiber preparation, choose by process: carding, combing, drawing or roving, or other
Confirm the machine works on textile fiber or yarn, not on fabric, which would move it to another heading
Check whether the item is a complete machine or a part and accessory, since parts go to heading 8448
For the residual lines, confirm the machine is not a cotton gin before using the 8445.19.00.80 line

Often confused with

Weaving machines (looms)
Looms make fabric from yarn, they do not make yarn.
Heading 8446
Knitting machines and stitch-bonding machines
These form fabric or trim, so they fall in the knitting heading.
Heading 8447
Spindles, spindle flyers, card clothing and combs sold separately
Parts and accessories for the machines of 8445 are classified in 8448, not in 8445.
Heading 8448
Machinery for dyeing, finishing or winding textile fabrics
Heading 8445 covers yarn preparation only; fabric finishing and fabric winding belong to 8451.
Heading 8451
Industrial sewing machines
Sewing machines that join yarn or fabric are classified in 8452.
Heading 8452

Frequently asked questions

What is the HTS code for carding machines?

Carding machines for preparing textile fibers are classified under 8445.11.00.00, with a general (MFN) rate of Free.

What is the duty on textile winding machines?

Textile winding (including weft winding) or reeling machines fall under 8445.40.00.00 and carry a general (MFN) rate of 3.7%.

How do I classify a cotton gin?

Cotton gins go in the residual fiber preparation line 8445.19.00.40, with a general (MFN) rate of 3.3%. Spinning machines, by contrast, are listed separately at 8445.20.00.00 at a general (MFN) rate of Free.

Guide written from the official schedule text. Rates quoted are general (MFN) rates; check the line page for trade agreement rates and the classification of your exact product.